Corns and Calluses
Corns and calluses are common foot problems treated by podiatrists. These conditions occur as a result of repeated friction or pressure on specific areas of the foot, leading to the thickening of the skin. While both are similar, corns tend to be smaller and form on the tops and sides of toes, whereas calluses are larger and usually develop on the soles of the feet. Corns and calluses can cause discomfort, pain, and affect mobility, but they are manageable with proper care and treatment.
Causes of Corns and Calluses
Corns and calluses develop when the skin tries to protect itself from repeated friction or pressure. This can occur due to:
- Wearing tight or ill-fitting shoes that rub against the skin
- Walking barefoot on hard surfaces
- Wearing shoes without socks, leading to increased friction
- Deformities of the foot, such as bunions or hammertoes, that alter foot mechanics
Symptoms of Corns and Calluses
Symptoms may vary depending on the severity of the condition but can include:
- Hardened, thickened areas of skin on the foot or between the toes
- Rough, raised patches of skin
- Pain or tenderness, especially when walking or standing
- Dry or flaky skin around the affected area
Corns tend to be more painful due to their concentrated pressure points, whereas calluses are generally less sensitive but can still cause discomfort over time.
Treatment and Management of Corns and Calluses
Treatment depends on the severity and underlying cause of the corns and calluses. In most cases, conservative treatments are effective in relieving symptoms and preventing recurrence. These include:
- Trimming and Debridement: A podiatrist can safely remove thickened skin using specialized tools to reduce discomfort and pressure.
- Padding and Cushioning: Using soft padding or inserts can help redistribute pressure and protect the affected area from further irritation.
- Shoe Modifications: Switching to well-fitted, supportive shoes can prevent friction and pressure that contribute to the development of corns and calluses.
- Moisturizers and Creams: Regularly moisturizing the feet with emollient creams can help soften hard skin and prevent excessive dryness.
For more persistent or severe cases, custom orthotics may be recommended to correct any foot imbalances that contribute to excessive pressure on certain areas of the foot.
Preventing Corns and Calluses
Prevention is key to managing corns and calluses and involves reducing the friction and pressure that lead to their development. Here are a few strategies:
- Wear Proper Footwear: Ensure that shoes fit well and provide adequate support, with enough room in the toe box to prevent pinching or rubbing.
- Use Protective Padding: If certain areas of your feet are prone to developing calluses or corns, use protective pads or cushions to minimize pressure.
- Moisturize Regularly: Keeping your feet hydrated with daily moisturizing can help prevent the formation of hard, dry skin.
- Avoid High Heels: Limit the use of high-heeled shoes, which can increase pressure on the toes and lead to the development of corns and calluses.
When to See a Podiatrist
If corns or calluses cause pain, discomfort, or make walking difficult, it’s important to seek professional treatment from a podiatrist. In some cases, these conditions may indicate an underlying foot issue that requires further evaluation. Diabetic patients should be particularly vigilant, as corns and calluses can lead to more serious complications if not properly treated.
Our office offers a range of treatments to help manage corns and calluses, from conservative care to custom orthotic solutions designed to reduce pressure and prevent recurrence. We are committed to providing compassionate and comprehensive foot care to help you walk comfortably and confidently.